Class RESTSerializer public

Defined in: ../serializer/src/rest.js:18

⚠️ This is LEGACY documentation for a feature that is no longer encouraged to be used. If starting a new app or thinking of implementing a new adapter, consider writing a Handler instead to be used with the RequestManager

Normally, applications will use the RESTSerializer by implementing the normalize method.

This allows you to do whatever kind of munging you need and is especially useful if your server is inconsistent and you need to do munging differently for many different kinds of responses.

See the normalize documentation for more information.

## Across the Board Normalization

There are also a number of hooks that you might find useful to define across-the-board rules for your payload. These rules will be useful if your server is consistent, or if you're building an adapter for an infrastructure service, like Firebase, and want to encode service conventions.

For example, if all of your keys are underscored and all-caps, but otherwise consistent with the names you use in your models, you can implement across-the-board rules for how to convert an attribute name in your model to a key in your JSON.

app/serializers/application.js

 import RESTSerializer from '@ember-data/serializer/rest';
 import { underscore } from '<app-name>/utils/string-utils';

 export default class ApplicationSerializer extends RESTSerializer {
   keyForAttribute(attr, method) {
     return underscore(attr).toUpperCase();
   }
 }

You can also implement keyForRelationship, which takes the name of the relationship as the first parameter, the kind of relationship (hasMany or belongsTo) as the second parameter, and the method (serialize or deserialize) as the third parameter.

Methods

extractAttributes (modelClass, resourceHash) : Object public

Module: @ember-data/serializer/rest

Inherited from JSONSerializer ../packages/serializer/src/json.js:640

modelClass: Object
resourceHash: Object
returns: Object

Returns the resource's attributes formatted as a JSON-API "attributes object".

http://jsonapi.org/format/#document-resource-object-attributes

extractErrors (store, typeClass, payload, id) : Object public

Module: @ember-data/serializer/rest

Inherited from JSONSerializer ../packages/serializer/src/json.js:1387

store: Store
typeClass: Model
payload: Object
id: (String|Number)
returns: Object; json The deserialized errors

extractErrors is used to extract model errors when a call to Model#save fails with an InvalidError. By default Ember Data expects error information to be located on the errors property of the payload object.

This serializer expects this errors object to be an Array similar to the following, compliant with the https://jsonapi.org/format/#errors specification:

{
  "errors": [
    {
      "detail": "This username is already taken!",
      "source": {
        "pointer": "data/attributes/username"
      }
    }, {
      "detail": "Doesn't look like a valid email.",
      "source": {
        "pointer": "data/attributes/email"
      }
    }
  ]
}

The key detail provides a textual description of the problem. Alternatively, the key title can be used for the same purpose.

The nested keys source.pointer detail which specific element of the request data was invalid.

Note that JSON-API also allows for object-level errors to be placed in an object with pointer data, signifying that the problem cannot be traced to a specific attribute:

{
  "errors": [
    {
      "detail": "Some generic non property error message",
      "source": {
        "pointer": "data"
      }
    }
  ]
}

When turn into a Errors object, you can read these errors through the property base:

{{#each @model.errors.base as |error|}}
  <div class="error">
    {{error.message}}
  </div>
{{/each}}

Example of alternative implementation, overriding the default behavior to deal with a different format of errors:

app/serializers/post.js

import JSONSerializer from '@ember-data/serializer/json';

export default class PostSerializer extends JSONSerializer {
  extractErrors(store, typeClass, payload, id) {
    if (payload && typeof payload === 'object' && payload._problems) {
      payload = payload._problems;
      this.normalizeErrors(typeClass, payload);
    }
    return payload;
  }
}

extractId (modelClass, resourceHash) : String public

Module: @ember-data/serializer/rest

Inherited from JSONSerializer ../packages/serializer/src/json.js:625

modelClass: Object
resourceHash: Object
returns: String

Returns the resource's ID.

extractMeta (store, modelClass, payload) public

Module: @ember-data/serializer/rest

Inherited from JSONSerializer ../packages/serializer/src/json.js:1352

store: Store
modelClass: Model
payload: Object

extractMeta is used to deserialize any meta information in the adapter payload. By default Ember Data expects meta information to be located on the meta property of the payload object.

Example

app/serializers/post.js

import JSONSerializer from '@ember-data/serializer/json';

export default class PostSerializer extends JSONSerializer {
  extractMeta(store, typeClass, payload) {
    if (payload && payload.hasOwnProperty('_pagination')) {
      let meta = payload._pagination;
      delete payload._pagination;
      return meta;
    }
  }
}

extractPolymorphicRelationship (relationshipModelName, relationshipHash, relationshipOptions) : Object public

Module: @ember-data/serializer/rest

Inherited from JSONSerializer ../packages/serializer/src/json.js:700

relationshipModelName: Object
relationshipHash: Object
relationshipOptions: Object
returns: Object

Returns a polymorphic relationship formatted as a JSON-API "relationship object".

http://jsonapi.org/format/#document-resource-object-relationships

relationshipOptions is a hash which contains more information about the polymorphic relationship which should be extracted:

resourceHash complete hash of the resource the relationship should be extracted from
relationshipKey key under which the value for the relationship is extracted from the resourceHash
relationshipMeta meta information about the relationship

extractRelationship (relationshipModelName, relationshipHash) : Object public

Module: @ember-data/serializer/rest

Inherited from JSONSerializer ../packages/serializer/src/json.js:665

relationshipModelName: Object
relationshipHash: Object
returns: Object

Returns a relationship formatted as a JSON-API "relationship object".

http://jsonapi.org/format/#document-resource-object-relationships

extractRelationships (modelClass, resourceHash) : Object public

Module: @ember-data/serializer/rest

Inherited from JSONSerializer ../packages/serializer/src/json.js:724

modelClass: Object
resourceHash: Object
returns: Object

Returns the resource's relationships formatted as a JSON-API "relationships object".

http://jsonapi.org/format/#document-resource-object-relationships

keyForAttribute (key, method) : String public

Module: @ember-data/serializer/rest

Inherited from JSONSerializer ../packages/serializer/src/json.js:1522

key: String
method: String
returns: String; normalized key

keyForAttribute can be used to define rules for how to convert an attribute name in your model to a key in your JSON.

Example

app/serializers/application.js

import JSONSerializer from '@ember-data/serializer/json';
import { underscore } from '<app-name>/utils/string-utils';

export default class ApplicationSerializer extends JSONSerializer {
  keyForAttribute(attr, method) {
    return underscore(attr).toUpperCase();
  }
}

keyForLink (key, kind) : String public

Module: @ember-data/serializer/rest

Inherited from JSONSerializer ../packages/serializer/src/json.js:1578

key: String
kind: String; belongsTo or hasMany
returns: String; normalized key

keyForLink can be used to define a custom key when deserializing link properties.

keyForPolymorphicType (key, typeClass, method) : String public

Module: @ember-data/serializer/rest

Defined in ../packages/serializer/src/rest.js:71

key: String
typeClass: String
method: String
returns: String; normalized key

keyForPolymorphicType can be used to define a custom key when serializing and deserializing a polymorphic type. By default, the returned key is ${key}Type.

Example

app/serializers/post.js

 import RESTSerializer from '@ember-data/serializer/rest';

 export default class ApplicationSerializer extends RESTSerializer {
   keyForPolymorphicType(key, relationship) {
     let relationshipKey = this.keyForRelationship(key);

     return 'type-' + relationshipKey;
   }
 }

keyForRelationship (key, typeClass, method) : String public

Module: @ember-data/serializer/rest

Inherited from JSONSerializer ../packages/serializer/src/json.js:1549

key: String
typeClass: String
method: String
returns: String; normalized key

keyForRelationship can be used to define a custom key when serializing and deserializing relationship properties. By default JSONSerializer does not provide an implementation of this method.

Example

app/serializers/post.js

  import JSONSerializer from '@ember-data/serializer/json';
  import { underscore } from '<app-name>/utils/string-utils';

  export default class PostSerializer extends JSONSerializer {
    keyForRelationship(key, relationship, method) {
      return `rel_${underscore(key)}`;
    }
  }

modelNameFromPayloadKey (key) : String public

Module: @ember-data/serializer/rest

Inherited from JSONSerializer ../packages/serializer/src/json.js:796

key: String
returns: String; the model's modelName

Dasherizes the model name in the payload

normalize (typeClass, hash) : Object public

Module: @ember-data/serializer/rest

Inherited from JSONSerializer ../packages/serializer/src/json.js:561

typeClass: Model
hash: Object
returns: Object

Normalizes a part of the JSON payload returned by the server. You should override this method, munge the hash and call super if you have generic normalization to do.

It takes the type of the record that is being normalized (as a Model class), the property where the hash was originally found, and the hash to normalize.

You can use this method, for example, to normalize underscored keys to camelized or other general-purpose normalizations.

Example

app/serializers/application.js

import JSONSerializer from '@ember-data/serializer/json';
import { underscore } from '<app-name>/utils/string-utils';
import { get } from '@ember/object';

export default class ApplicationSerializer extends JSONSerializer {
  normalize(typeClass, hash) {
    let fields = typeClass.fields;

    fields.forEach(function(type, field) {
      let payloadField = underscore(field);
      if (field === payloadField) { return; }

      hash[field] = hash[payloadField];
      delete hash[payloadField];
    });

    return super.normalize(...arguments);
  }
}

normalize (typeClass, hash) : Object public

Module: @ember-data/serializer/rest

Inherited from Serializer ../packages/serializer/src/index.ts:240

typeClass: Model
hash: Object
returns: Object

The normalize method is used to convert a payload received from your external data source into the normalized form store.push() expects. You should override this method, munge the hash and return the normalized payload.

Example:

Serializer.extend({
  normalize(modelClass, resourceHash) {
    let data = {
      id:            resourceHash.id,
      type:          modelClass.modelName,
      attributes:    resourceHash
    };
    return { data: data };
  }
})

normalizeArrayResponse (store, primaryModelClass, payload, id, requestType) : Object public

Module: @ember-data/serializer/rest

Inherited from JSONSerializer ../packages/serializer/src/json.js:494

Available since v1.13.0

store: Store
primaryModelClass: Model
payload: Object
id: String|Number
requestType: String
returns: Object; JSON-API Document

normalizeQueryResponse, normalizeFindManyResponse, and normalizeFindHasManyResponse delegate to this method by default.

normalizeCreateRecordResponse (store, primaryModelClass, payload, id, requestType) : Object public

Module: @ember-data/serializer/rest

Inherited from JSONSerializer ../packages/serializer/src/json.js:404

Available since v1.13.0

store: Store
primaryModelClass: Model
payload: Object
id: String|Number
requestType: String
returns: Object; JSON-API Document

Called by the default normalizeResponse implementation when the type of request is createRecord

normalizeDeleteRecordResponse (store, primaryModelClass, payload, id, requestType) : Object public

Module: @ember-data/serializer/rest

Inherited from JSONSerializer ../packages/serializer/src/json.js:422

Available since v1.13.0

store: Store
primaryModelClass: Model
payload: Object
id: String|Number
requestType: String
returns: Object; JSON-API Document

Called by the default normalizeResponse implementation when the type of request is deleteRecord

normalizeFindAllResponse (store, primaryModelClass, payload, id, requestType) : Object public

Module: @ember-data/serializer/rest

Inherited from JSONSerializer ../packages/serializer/src/json.js:314

Available since v1.13.0

store: Store
primaryModelClass: Model
payload: Object
id: String|Number
requestType: String
returns: Object; JSON-API Document

Called by the default normalizeResponse implementation when the type of request is findAll

normalizeFindBelongsToResponse (store, primaryModelClass, payload, id, requestType) : Object public

Module: @ember-data/serializer/rest

Inherited from JSONSerializer ../packages/serializer/src/json.js:332

Available since v1.13.0

store: Store
primaryModelClass: Model
payload: Object
id: String|Number
requestType: String
returns: Object; JSON-API Document

Called by the default normalizeResponse implementation when the type of request is findBelongsTo

normalizeFindHasManyResponse (store, primaryModelClass, payload, id, requestType) : Object public

Module: @ember-data/serializer/rest

Inherited from JSONSerializer ../packages/serializer/src/json.js:350

Available since v1.13.0

store: Store
primaryModelClass: Model
payload: Object
id: String|Number
requestType: String
returns: Object; JSON-API Document

Called by the default normalizeResponse implementation when the type of request is findHasMany

normalizeFindManyResponse (store, primaryModelClass, payload, id, requestType) : Object public

Module: @ember-data/serializer/rest

Inherited from JSONSerializer ../packages/serializer/src/json.js:368

Available since v1.13.0

store: Store
primaryModelClass: Model
payload: Object
id: String|Number
requestType: String
returns: Object; JSON-API Document

Called by the default normalizeResponse implementation when the type of request is findMany

normalizeFindRecordResponse (store, primaryModelClass, payload, id, requestType) : Object public

Module: @ember-data/serializer/rest

Inherited from JSONSerializer ../packages/serializer/src/json.js:278

Available since v1.13.0

store: Store
primaryModelClass: Model
payload: Object
id: String|Number
requestType: String
returns: Object; JSON-API Document

Called by the default normalizeResponse implementation when the type of request is findRecord

normalizeQueryRecordResponse (store, primaryModelClass, payload, id, requestType) : Object public

Module: @ember-data/serializer/rest

Inherited from JSONSerializer ../packages/serializer/src/json.js:296

Available since v1.13.0

store: Store
primaryModelClass: Model
payload: Object
id: String|Number
requestType: String
returns: Object; JSON-API Document

Called by the default normalizeResponse implementation when the type of request is queryRecord

normalizeQueryResponse (store, primaryModelClass, payload, id, requestType) : Object public

Module: @ember-data/serializer/rest

Inherited from JSONSerializer ../packages/serializer/src/json.js:386

Available since v1.13.0

store: Store
primaryModelClass: Model
payload: Object
id: String|Number
requestType: String
returns: Object; JSON-API Document

Called by the default normalizeResponse implementation when the type of request is query

normalizeResponse (store, primaryModelClass, payload, id, requestType) : Object public

Module: @ember-data/serializer/rest

Inherited from Serializer ../packages/serializer/src/index.ts:162

Available since v1.13.0

store: Store
primaryModelClass: Model
payload: Object
id: String|Number
requestType: String
returns: Object; JSON-API Document

The normalizeResponse method is used to normalize a payload from the server to a JSON-API Document.

http://jsonapi.org/format/#document-structure

Example:

Serializer.extend({
  normalizeResponse(store, primaryModelClass, payload, id, requestType) {
    if (requestType === 'findRecord') {
      return this.normalize(primaryModelClass, payload);
    } else {
      return payload.reduce(function(documentHash, item) {
        let { data, included } = this.normalize(primaryModelClass, item);
        documentHash.included.push(...included);
        documentHash.data.push(data);
        return documentHash;
      }, { data: [], included: [] })
    }
  }
});

normalizeSaveResponse (store, primaryModelClass, payload, id, requestType) : Object public

Module: @ember-data/serializer/rest

Inherited from JSONSerializer ../packages/serializer/src/json.js:458

Available since v1.13.0

store: Store
primaryModelClass: Model
payload: Object
id: String|Number
requestType: String
returns: Object; JSON-API Document

normalizeUpdateRecordResponse, normalizeCreateRecordResponse and normalizeDeleteRecordResponse delegate to this method by default.

normalizeSingleResponse (store, primaryModelClass, payload, id, requestType) : Object public

Module: @ember-data/serializer/rest

Inherited from JSONSerializer ../packages/serializer/src/json.js:476

Available since v1.13.0

store: Store
primaryModelClass: Model
payload: Object
id: String|Number
requestType: String
returns: Object; JSON-API Document

normalizeQueryResponse and normalizeFindRecordResponse delegate to this method by default.

normalizeUpdateRecordResponse (store, primaryModelClass, payload, id, requestType) : Object public

Module: @ember-data/serializer/rest

Inherited from JSONSerializer ../packages/serializer/src/json.js:440

Available since v1.13.0

store: Store
primaryModelClass: Model
payload: Object
id: String|Number
requestType: String
returns: Object; JSON-API Document

Called by the default normalizeResponse implementation when the type of request is updateRecord

payloadKeyFromModelName (modelName) : String public

Module: @ember-data/serializer/rest

Defined in ../packages/serializer/src/rest.js:678

modelName: String
returns: String

You can use payloadKeyFromModelName to override the root key for an outgoing request. By default, the RESTSerializer returns a camelized version of the model's name.

For a model called TacoParty, its modelName would be the string taco-party. The RESTSerializer will send it to the server with tacoParty as the root key in the JSON payload:

{
  "tacoParty": {
    "id": "1",
    "location": "Matthew Beale's House"
  }
}

For example, your server may expect dasherized root objects:

app/serializers/application.js

import RESTSerializer from '@ember-data/serializer/rest';
import { dasherize } from '<app-name>/utils/string-utils';

export default class ApplicationSerializer extends RESTSerializer {
  payloadKeyFromModelName(modelName) {
    return dasherize(modelName);
  }
}

Given a TacoParty model, calling save on it would produce an outgoing request like:

{
  "taco-party": {
    "id": "1",
    "location": "Matthew Beale's House"
  }
}

pushPayload (store, payload) public

Module: @ember-data/serializer/rest

Defined in ../packages/serializer/src/rest.js:364

store: Store
payload: Object

This method allows you to push a payload containing top-level collections of records organized per type.

{
  "posts": [{
    "id": "1",
    "title": "Rails is omakase",
    "author", "1",
    "comments": [ "1" ]
  }],
  "comments": [{
    "id": "1",
    "body": "FIRST"
  }],
  "users": [{
    "id": "1",
    "name": "@d2h"
  }]
}

It will first normalize the payload, so you can use this to push in data streaming in from your server structured the same way that fetches and saves are structured.

serialize (snapshot, options) : Object public

Module: @ember-data/serializer/rest

Inherited from JSONSerializer ../packages/serializer/src/json.js:957

snapshot: Snapshot
options: Object
returns: Object; json

Called when a record is saved in order to convert the record into JSON.

By default, it creates a JSON object with a key for each attribute and belongsTo relationship.

For example, consider this model:

```js {data-filename=app/models/comment.js} import Model, { attr, belongsTo } from '@ember-data/model';

export default class CommentModel extends Model {

serialize (snapshot, options) : Object public

Module: @ember-data/serializer/rest

Inherited from Serializer ../packages/serializer/src/index.ts:198

snapshot: Snapshot
options: Object
returns: Object

The serialize method is used when a record is saved in order to convert the record into the form that your external data source expects.

serialize takes an optional options hash with a single option:

includeId: If this is true, serialize should include the ID in the serialized object it builds.

Example:

Serializer.extend({
  serialize(snapshot, options) {
    let json = {
      id: snapshot.id
    };

    snapshot.eachAttribute((key, attribute) => {
      json[key] = snapshot.attr(key);
    });

    snapshot.eachRelationship((key, relationship) => {
      if (relationship.kind === 'belongsTo') {
        json[key] = snapshot.belongsTo(key, { id: true });
      } else if (relationship.kind === 'hasMany') {
        json[key] = snapshot.hasMany(key, { ids: true });
      }
    });

    return json;
  },
});

serializeAttribute (snapshot, json, key, attribute) public

Module: @ember-data/serializer/rest

Inherited from JSONSerializer ../packages/serializer/src/json.js:1168

snapshot: Snapshot
json: Object
key: String
attribute: Object

serializeAttribute can be used to customize how attr properties are serialized

For example if you wanted to ensure all your attributes were always serialized as properties on an attributes object you could write:

app/serializers/application.js

import JSONSerializer from '@ember-data/serializer/json';

export default class ApplicationSerializer extends JSONSerializer {
  serializeAttribute(snapshot, json, key, attributes) {
    json.attributes = json.attributes || {};
    super.serializeAttribute(snapshot, json.attributes, key, attributes);
  }
}

serializeBelongsTo (snapshot, json, relationship) public

Module: @ember-data/serializer/rest

Inherited from JSONSerializer ../packages/serializer/src/json.js:1216

snapshot: Snapshot
json: Object
relationship: Object

serializeBelongsTo can be used to customize how belongsTo properties are serialized.

Example

app/serializers/post.js

import JSONSerializer from '@ember-data/serializer/json';

export default class PostSerializer extends JSONSerializer {
  serializeBelongsTo(snapshot, json, relationship) {
    let key = relationship.key;
    let belongsTo = snapshot.belongsTo(key);

    key = this.keyForRelationship ? this.keyForRelationship(key, "belongsTo", "serialize") : key;

    json[key] = !belongsTo ? null : belongsTo.record.toJSON();
  }
}

serializeHasMany (snapshot, json, relationship) public

Module: @ember-data/serializer/rest

Inherited from JSONSerializer ../packages/serializer/src/json.js:1270

snapshot: Snapshot
json: Object
relationship: Object

serializeHasMany can be used to customize how hasMany properties are serialized.

Example

app/serializers/post.js

import JSONSerializer from '@ember-data/serializer/json';

export default class PostSerializer extends JSONSerializer {
  serializeHasMany(snapshot, json, relationship) {
    let key = relationship.key;
    if (key === 'comments') {
      return;
    } else {
      super.serializeHasMany(...arguments);
    }
  }
}

serializeIntoHash (hash, typeClass, snapshot, options) public

Module: @ember-data/serializer/rest

Inherited from JSONSerializer ../packages/serializer/src/json.js:1135

hash: Object
typeClass: Model
snapshot: Snapshot
options: Object

You can use this method to customize how a serialized record is added to the complete JSON hash to be sent to the server. By default the JSON Serializer does not namespace the payload and just sends the raw serialized JSON object. If your server expects namespaced keys, you should consider using the RESTSerializer. Otherwise you can override this method to customize how the record is added to the hash. The hash property should be modified by reference.

For example, your server may expect underscored root objects.

app/serializers/application.js

import RESTSerializer from '@ember-data/serializer/rest';
import { decamelize } from '<app-name>/utils/string-utils';

export default class ApplicationSerializer extends RESTSerializer {
  serializeIntoHash(data, type, snapshot, options) {
    let root = decamelize(type.modelName);
    data[root] = this.serialize(snapshot, options);
  }
}

serializePolymorphicType (snapshot, json, relationship) public

Module: @ember-data/serializer/rest

Inherited from JSONSerializer ../packages/serializer/src/json.js:1317

snapshot: Snapshot
json: Object
relationship: Object

You can use this method to customize how polymorphic objects are serialized. Objects are considered to be polymorphic if { polymorphic: true } is pass as the second argument to the belongsTo function.

Example

app/serializers/comment.js

import JSONSerializer from '@ember-data/serializer/json';

export default class CommentSerializer extends JSONSerializer {
  serializePolymorphicType(snapshot, json, relationship) {
    let key = relationship.key;
    let belongsTo = snapshot.belongsTo(key);

    key = this.keyForAttribute ? this.keyForAttribute(key, 'serialize') : key;

    if (!belongsTo) {
      json[key + '_type'] = null;
    } else {
      json[key + '_type'] = belongsTo.modelName;
    }
  }
}

shouldSerializeHasMany (snapshot, key, relationshipType) : Boolean public

Module: @ember-data/serializer/rest

Inherited from JSONSerializer ../packages/serializer/src/json.js:934

snapshot: Snapshot
key: String
relationshipType: String
returns: Boolean; true if the hasMany relationship should be serialized

Check if the given hasMany relationship should be serialized

By default only many-to-many and many-to-none relationships are serialized. This could be configured per relationship by Serializer's attrs object.

Properties

attrs public

Module: @ember-data/serializer/rest

Inherited from JSONSerializer ../packages/serializer/src/json.js:119

The attrs object can be used to declare a simple mapping between property names on Model records and payload keys in the serialized JSON object representing the record. An object with the property key can also be used to designate the attribute's key on the response payload.

Example

```js {data-filename=app/models/person.js} import Model, { attr } from '@ember-data/model';

export default class PersonModel extends Model {

primaryKey public

Module: @ember-data/serializer/rest

Inherited from JSONSerializer ../packages/serializer/src/json.js:94

The primaryKey is used when serializing and deserializing data. Ember Data always uses the id property to store the id of the record. The external source may not always follow this convention. In these cases it is useful to override the primaryKey property to match the primaryKey of your external store.

Example

app/serializers/application.js

import JSONSerializer from '@ember-data/serializer/json';

export default class ApplicationSerializer extends JSONSerializer {
  primaryKey = '_id'
}

store public

Module: @ember-data/serializer/rest

Inherited from Serializer ../packages/serializer/src/index.ts:140

The store property is the application's store that contains all records. It can be used to look up serializers for other model types that may be nested inside the payload response.

Example:

Serializer.extend({
  extractRelationship(relationshipModelName, relationshipHash) {
    let modelClass = this.store.modelFor(relationshipModelName);
    let relationshipSerializer = this.store.serializerFor(relationshipModelName);
    return relationshipSerializer.normalize(modelClass, relationshipHash);
  }
});