Class Ember.MutableArray
publicThis mixin defines the API for modifying array-like objects. These methods can be applied only to a collection that keeps its items in an ordered set. It builds upon the Array mixin and adds methods to modify the array. One concrete implementations of this class include ArrayProxy.
It is important to use the methods in this class to modify arrays so that changes are observable. This allows the binding system in Ember to function correctly.
Note that an Array can change even if it does not implement this mixin. For example, one might implement a SparseArray that cannot be directly modified, but if its underlying enumerable changes, it will change also.
addArrayObserver (target, opts) Ember.Array public
Inherited from Ember.Array packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/array.js:348
- target
- Object
- The observer object.
- opts
- Object
- Optional hash of configuration options including `willChange` and `didChange` option.
- returns
- Ember.Array
- receiver
Adds an array observer to the receiving array. The array observer object normally must implement two methods:
arrayWillChange(observedObj, start, removeCount, addCount)
- This method will be called just before the array is modified.arrayDidChange(observedObj, start, removeCount, addCount)
- This method will be called just after the array is modified.
Both callbacks will be passed the observed object, starting index of the change as well as a count of the items to be removed and added. You can use these callbacks to optionally inspect the array during the change, clear caches, or do any other bookkeeping necessary.
In addition to passing a target, you can also include an options hash which you can use to override the method names that will be invoked on the target.
addObject (obj) Ember.Array public
Defined in packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/mutable_array.js:374
- obj
- *
- object to add, if not already present
- returns
- Ember.Array
- receiver
Push the object onto the end of the array if it is not already present in the array.
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var cities = ['Chicago', 'Berlin']; cities.addObject('Lima'); // ['Chicago', 'Berlin', 'Lima'] cities.addObject('Berlin'); // ['Chicago', 'Berlin', 'Lima'] |
addObjects (objects) Object public
Inherited from Ember.MutableEnumerable packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/mutable_enumerable.js:69
- objects
- Ember.Enumerable
- the objects to add.
- returns
- Object
- receiver
Adds each object in the passed enumerable to the receiver.
any (callback, target) Boolean public
Inherited from Ember.Enumerable packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/enumerable.js:612
- callback
- Function
- The callback to execute
- target
- Object
- The target object to use
- returns
- Boolean
- `true` if the passed function returns `true` for any item
Returns true
if the passed function returns true for any item in the
enumeration. This corresponds with the some()
method in JavaScript 1.6.
The callback method you provide should have the following signature (all parameters are optional):
1 |
function(item, index, enumerable); |
item
is the current item in the iteration.index
is the current index in the iteration.enumerable
is the enumerable object itself.
It should return the true
to include the item in the results, false
otherwise.
Note that in addition to a callback, you can also pass an optional target
object that will be set as this
on the context. This is a good way
to give your iterator function access to the current object.
Usage Example:
1 2 3 |
if (people.any(isManager)) { Paychecks.addBiggerBonus(); } |
arrayContentDidChange (startIdx, removeAmt, addAmt) Ember.Array public
Inherited from Ember.Array packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/array.js:460
- startIdx
- Number
- The starting index in the array that did change.
- removeAmt
- Number
- The number of items that were removed. If you pass `null` assumes 0
- addAmt
- Number
- The number of items that were added. If you pass `null` assumes 0.
- returns
- Ember.Array
- receiver
If you are implementing an object that supports Ember.Array
, call this
method just after the array content changes to notify any observers and
invalidate any related properties. Pass the starting index of the change
as well as a delta of the amounts to change.
arrayContentWillChange (startIdx, removeAmt, addAmt) Ember.Array public
Inherited from Ember.Array packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/array.js:405
- startIdx
- Number
- The starting index in the array that will change.
- removeAmt
- Number
- The number of items that will be removed. If you pass `null` assumes 0
- addAmt
- Number
- The number of items that will be added. If you pass `null` assumes 0.
- returns
- Ember.Array
- receiver
If you are implementing an object that supports Ember.Array
, call this
method just before the array content changes to notify any observers and
invalidate any related properties. Pass the starting index of the change
as well as a delta of the amounts to change.
clear Ember.Array public
Defined in packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/mutable_array.js:69
- returns
- Ember.Array
- An empty Array.
Remove all elements from the array. This is useful if you want to reuse an existing array without having to recreate it.
1 2 3 4 5 |
var colors = ['red', 'green', 'blue']; color.length(); // 3 colors.clear(); // [] colors.length(); // 0 |
compact Array public
Inherited from Ember.Enumerable packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/enumerable.js:777
- returns
- Array
- the array without null and undefined elements.
Returns a copy of the array with all null
and undefined
elements removed.
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var arr = ['a', null, 'c', undefined]; arr.compact(); // ['a', 'c'] |
contains (obj) Boolean public
Inherited from Ember.Enumerable packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/enumerable.js:213
- obj
- Object
- The object to search for.
- returns
- Boolean
- `true` if object is found in enumerable.
Returns true
if the passed object can be found in the receiver. The
default version will iterate through the enumerable until the object
is found. You may want to override this with a more efficient version.
1 2 3 4 |
var arr = ['a', 'b', 'c']; arr.contains('a'); // true arr.contains('z'); // false |
every (callback, target) Boolean public
Inherited from Ember.Enumerable packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/enumerable.js:557
- callback
- Function
- The callback to execute
- target
- Object
- The target object to use
- returns
- Boolean
Returns true
if the passed function returns true for every item in the
enumeration. This corresponds with the every()
method in JavaScript 1.6.
The callback method you provide should have the following signature (all parameters are optional):
1 |
function(item, index, enumerable); |
item
is the current item in the iteration.index
is the current index in the iteration.enumerable
is the enumerable object itself.
It should return the true
or false
.
Note that in addition to a callback, you can also pass an optional target
object that will be set as this
on the context. This is a good way
to give your iterator function access to the current object.
Example Usage:
1 2 3 |
if (people.every(isEngineer)) { Paychecks.addBigBonus(); } |
filter (callback, target) Array public
Inherited from Ember.Enumerable packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/enumerable.js:369
- callback
- Function
- The callback to execute
- target
- Object
- The target object to use
- returns
- Array
- A filtered array.
Returns an array with all of the items in the enumeration that the passed
function returns true for. This method corresponds to filter()
defined in
JavaScript 1.6.
The callback method you provide should have the following signature (all parameters are optional):
1 |
function(item, index, enumerable); |
item
is the current item in the iteration.index
is the current index in the iteration.enumerable
is the enumerable object itself.
It should return true
to include the item in the results, false
otherwise.
Note that in addition to a callback, you can also pass an optional target
object that will be set as this
on the context. This is a good way
to give your iterator function access to the current object.
filterBy (key, value) Array public
Inherited from Ember.Enumerable packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/enumerable.js:443
- key
- String
- the property to test
- value
- *
- optional value to test against.
- returns
- Array
- filtered array
Returns an array with just the items with the matched property. You
can pass an optional second argument with the target value. Otherwise
this will match any property that evaluates to true
.
find (callback, target) Object public
Inherited from Ember.Enumerable packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/enumerable.js:483
- callback
- Function
- The callback to execute
- target
- Object
- The target object to use
- returns
- Object
- Found item or `undefined`.
Returns the first item in the array for which the callback returns true.
This method works similar to the filter()
method defined in JavaScript 1.6
except that it will stop working on the array once a match is found.
The callback method you provide should have the following signature (all parameters are optional):
1 |
function(item, index, enumerable); |
item
is the current item in the iteration.index
is the current index in the iteration.enumerable
is the enumerable object itself.
It should return the true
to include the item in the results, false
otherwise.
Note that in addition to a callback, you can also pass an optional target
object that will be set as this
on the context. This is a good way
to give your iterator function access to the current object.
findBy (key, value) Object public
Inherited from Ember.Enumerable packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/enumerable.js:540
- key
- String
- the property to test
- value
- String
- optional value to test against.
- returns
- Object
- found item or `undefined`
Returns the first item with a property matching the passed value. You
can pass an optional second argument with the target value. Otherwise
this will match any property that evaluates to true
.
This method works much like the more generic find()
method.
forEach (callback, target) Object public
Inherited from Ember.Enumerable packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/enumerable.js:238
- callback
- Function
- The callback to execute
- target
- Object
- The target object to use
- returns
- Object
- receiver
Iterates through the enumerable, calling the passed function on each
item. This method corresponds to the forEach()
method defined in
JavaScript 1.6.
The callback method you provide should have the following signature (all parameters are optional):
1 |
function(item, index, enumerable); |
item
is the current item in the iteration.index
is the current index in the iteration.enumerable
is the enumerable object itself.
Note that in addition to a callback, you can also pass an optional target
object that will be set as this
on the context. This is a good way
to give your iterator function access to the current object.
getEach (key) Array public
Inherited from Ember.Enumerable packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/enumerable.js:289
- key
- String
- name of the property
- returns
- Array
- The mapped array.
Alias for mapBy
indexOf (object, startAt) Number public
Inherited from Ember.Array packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/array.js:256
- object
- Object
- the item to search for
- startAt
- Number
- optional starting location to search, default 0
- returns
- Number
- index or -1 if not found
Returns the index of the given object's first occurrence.
If no startAt
argument is given, the starting location to
search is 0. If it's negative, will count backward from
the end of the array. Returns -1 if no match is found.
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var arr = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'a']; arr.indexOf('a'); // 0 arr.indexOf('z'); // -1 arr.indexOf('a', 2); // 4 arr.indexOf('a', -1); // 4 arr.indexOf('b', 3); // -1 arr.indexOf('a', 100); // -1 |
insertAt (idx, object) Ember.Array public
Defined in packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/mutable_array.js:95
- idx
- Number
- index of insert the object at.
- object
- Object
- object to insert
- returns
- Ember.Array
- receiver
This will use the primitive replace()
method to insert an object at the
specified index.
1 2 3 4 |
var colors = ['red', 'green', 'blue']; colors.insertAt(2, 'yellow'); // ['red', 'green', 'yellow', 'blue'] colors.insertAt(5, 'orange'); // Error: Index out of range |
invoke (methodName, args) Array public
Inherited from Ember.Enumerable packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/enumerable.js:734
- methodName
- String
- the name of the method
- args
- Object...
- optional arguments to pass as well.
- returns
- Array
- return values from calling invoke.
Invokes the named method on every object in the receiver that implements it. This method corresponds to the implementation in Prototype 1.6.
isAny (key, value) Boolean public
Inherited from Ember.Enumerable packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/enumerable.js:670
Available since v1.3.0
- key
- String
- the property to test
- value
- String
- optional value to test against. Defaults to `true`
- returns
- Boolean
Returns true
if the passed property resolves to the value of the second
argument for any item in the enumerable. This method is often simpler/faster
than using a callback.
isEvery (key, value) Boolean public
Inherited from Ember.Enumerable packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/enumerable.js:596
Available since v1.3.0
- key
- String
- the property to test
- value
- String
- optional value to test against. Defaults to `true`
- returns
- Boolean
Returns true
if the passed property resolves to the value of the second
argument for all items in the enumerable. This method is often simpler/faster
than using a callback.
lastIndexOf (object, startAt) Number public
Inherited from Ember.Array packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/array.js:300
- object
- Object
- the item to search for
- startAt
- Number
- optional starting location to search, default 0
- returns
- Number
- index or -1 if not found
Returns the index of the given object's last occurrence.
If no startAt
argument is given, the search starts from
the last position. If it's negative, will count backward
from the end of the array. Returns -1 if no match is found.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 |
var arr = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'a']; arr.lastIndexOf('a'); // 4 arr.lastIndexOf('z'); // -1 arr.lastIndexOf('a', 2); // 0 arr.lastIndexOf('a', -1); // 4 arr.lastIndexOf('b', 3); // 1 arr.lastIndexOf('a', 100); // 4 |
map (callback, target) Array public
Inherited from Ember.Enumerable packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/enumerable.js:317
- callback
- Function
- The callback to execute
- target
- Object
- The target object to use
- returns
- Array
- The mapped array.
Maps all of the items in the enumeration to another value, returning
a new array. This method corresponds to map()
defined in JavaScript 1.6.
The callback method you provide should have the following signature (all parameters are optional):
1 |
function(item, index, enumerable); |
item
is the current item in the iteration.index
is the current index in the iteration.enumerable
is the enumerable object itself.
It should return the mapped value.
Note that in addition to a callback, you can also pass an optional target
object that will be set as this
on the context. This is a good way
to give your iterator function access to the current object.
mapBy (key) Array public
Inherited from Ember.Enumerable packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/enumerable.js:354
- key
- String
- name of the property
- returns
- Array
- The mapped array.
Similar to map, this specialized function returns the value of the named property on all items in the enumeration.
objectAt (idx) * public
Inherited from Ember.Array packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/array.js:119
- idx
- Number
- The index of the item to return.
- returns
- *
- item at index or undefined
Returns the object at the given index
. If the given index
is negative
or is greater or equal than the array length, returns undefined
.
This is one of the primitives you must implement to support Ember.Array
.
If your object supports retrieving the value of an array item using get()
(i.e. myArray.get(0)
), then you do not need to implement this method
yourself.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 |
var arr = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']; arr.objectAt(0); // 'a' arr.objectAt(3); // 'd' arr.objectAt(-1); // undefined arr.objectAt(4); // undefined arr.objectAt(5); // undefined |
objectsAt (indexes) Array public
Inherited from Ember.Array packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/array.js:151
- indexes
- Array
- An array of indexes of items to return.
- returns
- Array
This returns the objects at the specified indexes, using objectAt
.
1 2 3 4 |
var arr = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']; arr.objectsAt([0, 1, 2]); // ['a', 'b', 'c'] arr.objectsAt([2, 3, 4]); // ['c', 'd', undefined] |
popObject public
Defined in packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/mutable_array.js:203
- returns
- object
Pop object from array or nil if none are left. Works just like pop()
but
it is KVO-compliant.
1 2 3 4 |
var colors = ['red', 'green', 'blue']; colors.popObject(); // 'blue' console.log(colors); // ['red', 'green'] |
pushObject (obj) public
Defined in packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/mutable_array.js:159
- obj
- *
- object to push
- returns
- object same object passed as a param
Push the object onto the end of the array. Works just like push()
but it
is KVO-compliant.
1 2 3 4 |
var colors = ['red', 'green']; colors.pushObject('black'); // ['red', 'green', 'black'] colors.pushObject(['yellow']); // ['red', 'green', ['yellow']] |
pushObjects (objects) Ember.Array public
Defined in packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/mutable_array.js:180
- objects
- Ember.Enumerable
- the objects to add
- returns
- Ember.Array
- receiver
Add the objects in the passed numerable to the end of the array. Defers notifying observers of the change until all objects are added.
1 2 3 |
var colors = ['red']; colors.pushObjects(['yellow', 'orange']); // ['red', 'yellow', 'orange'] |
reduce (callback, initialValue, reducerProperty) Object public
Inherited from Ember.Enumerable packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/enumerable.js:686
- callback
- Function
- The callback to execute
- initialValue
- Object
- Initial value for the reduce
- reducerProperty
- String
- internal use only.
- returns
- Object
- The reduced value.
This will combine the values of the enumerator into a single value. It
is a useful way to collect a summary value from an enumeration. This
corresponds to the reduce()
method defined in JavaScript 1.8.
The callback method you provide should have the following signature (all parameters are optional):
1 |
function(previousValue, item, index, enumerable); |
previousValue
is the value returned by the last call to the iterator.item
is the current item in the iteration.index
is the current index in the iteration.enumerable
is the enumerable object itself.
Return the new cumulative value.
In addition to the callback you can also pass an initialValue
. An error
will be raised if you do not pass an initial value and the enumerator is
empty.
Note that unlike the other methods, this method does not allow you to pass a target object to set as this for the callback. It's part of the spec. Sorry.
reject (callback, target) Array public
Inherited from Ember.Enumerable packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/enumerable.js:410
- callback
- Function
- The callback to execute
- target
- Object
- The target object to use
- returns
- Array
- A rejected array.
Returns an array with all of the items in the enumeration where the passed function returns false. This method is the inverse of filter().
The callback method you provide should have the following signature (all parameters are optional):
1 |
function(item, index, enumerable); |
- item is the current item in the iteration.
- index is the current index in the iteration
- enumerable is the enumerable object itself.
It should return a falsey value to include the item in the results.
Note that in addition to a callback, you can also pass an optional target object that will be set as "this" on the context. This is a good way to give your iterator function access to the current object.
rejectBy (key, value) Array public
Inherited from Ember.Enumerable packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/enumerable.js:458
- key
- String
- the property to test
- value
- String
- optional value to test against.
- returns
- Array
- rejected array
Returns an array with the items that do not have truthy values for key. You can pass an optional second argument with the target value. Otherwise this will match any property that evaluates to false.
removeArrayObserver (target, opts) Ember.Array public
Inherited from Ember.Array packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/array.js:378
- target
- Object
- The object observing the array.
- opts
- Object
- Optional hash of configuration options including `willChange` and `didChange` option.
- returns
- Ember.Array
- receiver
Removes an array observer from the object if the observer is current registered. Calling this method multiple times with the same object will have no effect.
removeAt (start, len) Ember.Array public
Defined in packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/mutable_array.js:121
- start
- Number
- index, start of range
- len
- Number
- length of passing range
- returns
- Ember.Array
- receiver
Remove an object at the specified index using the replace()
primitive
method. You can pass either a single index, or a start and a length.
If you pass a start and length that is beyond the
length this method will throw an OUT_OF_RANGE_EXCEPTION
.
1 2 3 4 5 |
var colors = ['red', 'green', 'blue', 'yellow', 'orange']; colors.removeAt(0); // ['green', 'blue', 'yellow', 'orange'] colors.removeAt(2, 2); // ['green', 'blue'] colors.removeAt(4, 2); // Error: Index out of range |
removeObject (obj) Ember.Array public
Defined in packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/mutable_array.js:346
- obj
- *
- object to remove
- returns
- Ember.Array
- receiver
Remove all occurrences of an object in the array.
1 2 3 4 5 |
var cities = ['Chicago', 'Berlin', 'Lima', 'Chicago']; cities.removeObject('Chicago'); // ['Berlin', 'Lima'] cities.removeObject('Lima'); // ['Berlin'] cities.removeObject('Tokyo') // ['Berlin'] |
removeObjects (objects) Object public
Inherited from Ember.MutableEnumerable packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/mutable_enumerable.js:102
- objects
- Ember.Enumerable
- the objects to remove
- returns
- Object
- receiver
Removes each object in the passed enumerable from the receiver.
replace (idx, amt, objects) public
Defined in packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/mutable_array.js:51
- idx
- Number
- Starting index in the array to replace. If idx >= length, then append to the end of the array.
- amt
- Number
- Number of elements that should be removed from the array, starting at *idx*.
- objects
- Array
- An array of zero or more objects that should be inserted into the array at *idx*
Required. You must implement this method to apply this mixin.
This is one of the primitives you must implement to support Ember.Array
.
You should replace amt objects started at idx with the objects in the
passed array. You should also call this.enumerableContentDidChange()
reverseObjects Ember.Array public
Defined in packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/mutable_array.js:296
- returns
- Ember.Array
- receiver
Reverse objects in the array. Works just like reverse()
but it is
KVO-compliant.
setEach (key, value) Object public
Inherited from Ember.Enumerable packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/enumerable.js:299
- key
- String
- The key to set
- value
- Object
- The object to set
- returns
- Object
- receiver
Sets the value on the named property for each member. This is more
efficient than using other methods defined on this helper. If the object
implements Ember.Observable, the value will be changed to set(),
otherwise
it will be set directly. null
objects are skipped.
setObjects (objects) Ember.Array public
Defined in packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/mutable_array.js:315
- objects
- Ember.Array
- array whose content will be used for replacing the content of the receiver
- returns
- Ember.Array
- receiver with the new content
Replace all the receiver's content with content of the argument. If argument is an empty array receiver will be cleared.
1 2 3 4 |
var colors = ['red', 'green', 'blue']; colors.setObjects(['black', 'white']); // ['black', 'white'] colors.setObjects([]); // [] |
shiftObject public
Defined in packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/mutable_array.js:229
- returns
- object
Shift an object from start of array or nil if none are left. Works just
like shift()
but it is KVO-compliant.
1 2 3 4 |
var colors = ['red', 'green', 'blue']; colors.shiftObject(); // 'red' console.log(colors); // ['green', 'blue'] |
slice (beginIndex, endIndex) Array public
Inherited from Ember.Array packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/array.js:210
- beginIndex
- Number
- (Optional) index to begin slicing from.
- endIndex
- Number
- (Optional) index to end the slice at (but not included).
- returns
- Array
- New array with specified slice
Returns a new array that is a slice of the receiver. This implementation uses the observable array methods to retrieve the objects for the new slice.
1 2 3 4 5 |
var arr = ['red', 'green', 'blue']; arr.slice(0); // ['red', 'green', 'blue'] arr.slice(0, 2); // ['red', 'green'] arr.slice(1, 100); // ['green', 'blue'] |
sortBy (property) Array public
Inherited from Ember.Enumerable packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/enumerable.js:1052
Available since v1.2.0
- property
- String
- name(s) to sort on
- returns
- Array
- The sorted array.
Converts the enumerable into an array and sorts by the keys specified in the argument.
You may provide multiple arguments to sort by multiple properties.
toArray Array public
Inherited from Ember.Enumerable packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/enumerable.js:759
- returns
- Array
- the enumerable as an array.
Simply converts the enumerable into a genuine array. The order is not guaranteed. Corresponds to the method implemented by Prototype.
uniq Ember.Enumerable public
Inherited from Ember.Enumerable packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/enumerable.js:826
- returns
- Ember.Enumerable
Returns a new enumerable that contains only unique values. The default implementation returns an array regardless of the receiver type.
1 2 |
var arr = ['a', 'a', 'b', 'b']; arr.uniq(); // ['a', 'b'] |
This only works on primitive data types, e.g. Strings, Numbers, etc.
unshiftObject (obj) public
Defined in packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/mutable_array.js:254
- obj
- *
- object to unshift
- returns
- object same object passed as a param
Unshift an object to start of array. Works just like unshift()
but it is
KVO-compliant.
1 2 3 4 |
var colors = ['red']; colors.unshiftObject('yellow'); // ['yellow', 'red'] colors.unshiftObject(['black']); // [['black'], 'yellow', 'red'] |
unshiftObjects (objects) Ember.Array public
Defined in packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/mutable_array.js:275
- objects
- Ember.Enumerable
- the objects to add
- returns
- Ember.Array
- receiver
Adds the named objects to the beginning of the array. Defers notifying observers until all objects have been added.
1 2 3 4 |
var colors = ['red']; colors.unshiftObjects(['black', 'white']); // ['black', 'white', 'red'] colors.unshiftObjects('yellow'); // Type Error: 'undefined' is not a function |
without (value) Ember.Enumerable public
Inherited from Ember.Enumerable packages/ember-runtime/lib/mixins/enumerable.js:795
- value
- Object
- returns
- Ember.Enumerable
Returns a new enumerable that excludes the passed value. The default implementation returns an array regardless of the receiver type unless the receiver does not contain the value.
1 2 |
var arr = ['a', 'b', 'a', 'c']; arr.without('a'); // ['b', 'c'] |